Analog Integrated Circuit

1.Develop a high-level specification with performance and power for the design.

2.Develop a top-level design to achieve the required results using macro-functions such as filters, comparators, and amplifiers.

3.Create the device-level circuit explanations to support the top-level design using components such as, transistor, resistor, and capacitor. This step is outlined from a library of predefined operations that will be need to be customized for the specific tasks of each design.

4.Validate that the design meets all specifications using simulation. The software will model the circuit based on linear and non-linear components for the fabrication process. Fabrication process and functional variation will be modeled to ensure the design remains robust under uncertainties.

5.Execute a physical layout of the design through the fabrication of predefined layouts of all components. The layout's density is optimized to reduce cost. Placement rules must be followed in the design to optimize signal integrity.

6. Extract the equivalent circuit from the layout. Parasitic effects, like crosstalk and wiring resistance, are included in the design, and the design is re-simulated if necessary. The extracted design is compared with the original design. This method is known as logic versus schematic (LVS) checking.

7.Any architecture required for circuit verification is introduced at this stage. After this, the design is prepared for fabrication or integration into a bigger digital design. Integrating analog design into a bigger digital design is known as mixed-signal design.